The Perfect Fit 'bha’: Developing an Indian Footwear Sizing System to Accommodate Local Feet Characteristics and Boost Domestic Manufacturing

Abstract

India lacks a standardized footwear size system based on the characteristics of the Indian foot. The dependence on European and American sizing standards has resulted in ill-fitting shoes that cause discomfort, reduced blood flow, and even injuries to many Indians. In 2021 and 2022, a full anthropometric foot study was done across the whole of India. 3D scanning technology was used to accurately measure key dimensions of thousands of feet across the country. When the data were analyzed, they showed important differences in shape and width compared to Western feet. This meant that a localized sizing method was needed to make sure that the shoes fit perfectly. This pioneering study will inform the development of the new 'B sizing system’, named for the Hindi letter 'bha’ representing ‘bhat’ (foot). Implementation is expected by 2024. This paper details the survey methodology, sizing system design process, and potential benefits of having shoes sized specifically for Indian feet. It predicts improved consumer satisfaction and foot health with shoes that provide the perfect fit. Manufacturing advantages are also cited, including simplified production with fewer sizes, cost savings, and support for the government’s ‘Make in India’ initiative to boost domestic industry. The creation of an Indian footwear sizing system marks a shift away from Eurocentric standards, aligning with India’s broader goals for self-reliance and national pride. Beyond footwear, the issue of ill-fitting clothes based on foreign body measurements demonstrates the need for homegrown sizing in other sectors as well. If an Indian system for measuring foot sizes works well, it could lead to the creation of similar systems all over the developing world. In conclusion, this paper shows why India wants to set standards for shoe sizes that are right for its people, with big benefits expected for customers, makers, and the country as a whole. India is taking a step toward independence with this. It is part of its steady march down its own road.